Evolution of Humans

In the beginning the anthropologists and evolutionists believe humans evolution from the primates, meaning that we walked in our four extremities, our teeth were different than now and another more differences. It is true all of that? Did we really evolution from the primates? Well some believe that, that theory is impossible and that is just said because people don't have an explanation of things, like for example how do we exist? From my point of view I am an biologist and I of course, believe in the evolution of the human. Not just it is a rational explanation of a how we have survived through the years, it also explains adaptation to the changes the world had suffer since the beginning. Scientific show through evidence that the physical and behavioral traits shares by all people originated from primates ancestors and evolved over a period of six million years.

It is said that one of the ability of humans, better known as Homo sapiens, of walking in two legs evolved over 4 million years ago, meaning that it was necessary to survive. It could be because the hotness of the ground was affecting the primates causing them further problems such as dehydration because of the closure to the floor. This could affect at great scale and cause deaths among them. Because humans are not that fast they'll be more time walking in the hotness of the ground, for a tiger he is more fast so walking in four paws does not affect him that much. Also walking in two legs gave the humans the ability of carrying food and their babies. Maybe it is not seen as an intelligent fact, but from the point of view of anthropologists it is a characteristic that makes the human more intelligent and more capable of success that other animals.

Because humans are primates, physically and genetically they show great similarities with other species of primates, the apes. The teeth also had evolution through time. Early humans, as I am going to call them, has different types of teeth for example the molars. The molars or the last teeth that appear in our mouths were to eat raw meat and the canines were to tear the meat apart. Today's day we do not need to use those teeth in the same manner because we are more sophisticated and do not need hunt like in the past. In conclusion, evolution is very necessary to survive and succeed in life. Adaptation has a purpose in life and with it it'll be possible to keep going on for a lot of years.


References:
Humans origins

Adaptation to Avoid Extinction

If we talk from an individualist point of view, life is about changes and how we deal with them. We have a problem; we find a way to solve it using our maximum capacity. If we can’t end it, the problem will end with us. The world and society work in the same way, they are constantly changing, who can deal with the change stay and pass their capacity of survival to the next generation, which will be dealing with their own changes.

Biologically, Earth suffers from changes, for example in the weather, temperature and composition of air. Every organism including those in the same species are different. Genetically some can deal with the change, and some others can’t. The ones who survive pass the “good genes”, that are going to improve their chances to live, to their offspring. Eventually other things are going to change and the cycle start again, the ones with the better genes are going to survive the other part become extinct. Obviously this doesn’t occur from one day to another, this evolution process can take a long time.

Evolution is not only about biology, mutations and genetics; it is also a social problem. Nowadays, we have seen un increase in deaths of peoples because of suicides, principally by depression. Society is being resistant to some changes in the way we think, beliefs and cultures, causing rejection and discrimination. Because of these reasons we understand that humans' survival does not reside just in genetics, humans also should evolution in a social manner. 

Finally, evolution, not only biologically but also social is important for the survival of humanity. If we accept the nature changes we can also accept the social changes and have a better life in which all of us want to live. Better quality of life, is what our bodies are looking for, nature do its job we need to do ours, accept the change and evolve. 

Homosexuality: Right or Wrong?

Homosexuality has existed since a long time ago. Not just we see it in our culture, it is very common in different cultures. Although, the social acceptance of it in our culture is very controversial, but it is accepted as normal in some tribes. Homosexuality is becoming more common through the time, so it is been denominated as something normal by a lot of people. Not only we see it in the television, we also see it in magazines and even in the streets. Some tribes that believe in homosexuality are the Hijras and the Etoros.

Third Gender. Two transvestite men who
turn into women.

The Hijras are a tribe from India that accept it. They accept the transvestite status, where the men dressed as women but sometimes are not homosexual. In this culture some of these people remove their genital organs by surgery because that means their transition to becoming women. The Hijras do not consider themselves to have a gender like men or women, they called their selves "incomplete men or women". But the changing of sex, or being a transvestite,  is called "The third gender". Anthropologically talking we can see that as persons they are searching for comfort, and to becoming what they feel they are. Of course every human wants to be comfortable with him or herself, because doing so they can reach the maximum of their lives being who they really are.

On the other side, the Etoro culture, from New Guinea, is so much complicated. As part of their lives and rituals, they accept completely male homosexuality.All men are engaged in homo and heterosexual acts. Dennis O'Neill says that heterosexual act between Etoro couple, is just to procreate, that is why sexual intercourse is prohibited for up to 260 days and is forbidden in or near their houses and gardens. But homosexual relations are permitted any time.  They believe that to reach their manhood and becoming strong men, the boys, since they are 7 until they are 17, have to drink semen  of an elder, or mentor, from the tribe. 

As we can see homosexuality, even though some people find it uncommon and "wrong" it is normal to many people in the world. Societies has become very permissive in regards to homosexuality making an improvement in the acceptation in different countries. Maybe, you see homosexuality as something not normal, but through the years it has been turning into a more normal topic to talk about. Even though there is a lot of place, almost all of the world, that consider it wrong and that homosexual people should be punished because they are failing God. In a far away future I believe it will all change homosexual people will be leave alone. Maybe people do not see it that way, but having homosexual people can be a way of population control, without it the world would be more overpopulated, leading to extinction because of low quantities of water or food for everyone. People need to stop thinking of homosexuality as something wrong because maybe it can be a way to keep control in the planet Earth.

References:
Sex and Marriage: Homosexuality
The Evolution of Human Homosexual Behavior
What do different cultures tell us about homosexuality?

Evolution and Biodiversity as Base of Life

Evolution as we know is the change through time of humans, animals, trees, Earth, etc... There is also a more specific type of evolution known as Biological Evolution. It explains the changes in gene frequency in a population from generations. Also this type of evolution study the descent of species from common ancestors. We will be joining them to understand the process of change (or evolution) through millions of years of history.

Each living organism in the world has an important role in the planet. Each one of the species who populate the planet Earth is in charge of a minimum part of the controls of it. I mean think of it as if Mother Nature, the one who is in charge of everything, gives a single task to every living species so they help to keep the place running as it should be and we can all survive. For this to be possible we need to work together, so if one changes something, the others will adapt to the alterations, changing their characteristics through time. I am not saying the change occur from one day to another, evolution takes a lot of years to be consider as Evolution. Even though, evolution of species never ends, because of the balance we want to obtain. 

Did we evolved because of past actions of our ancestors? When I said ancestors, I am not referring to our grandparents or their grandparents, or the grandparents of those grandparents, I am referring to our ancestors of million of years ago. I will say yes. Evolution is the result of some actions our ancestors has done. Lets say at the beginning the giraffe had a small neck because their food was found in bottom of the trees (leaves). But when trees become taller, because of some changes that make them grow, the leaves where at the top so they had to adapt so they could eat, and with a lot of time so they could change, they finally evolved so they can eat from the top of the trees. You see it is a chain, so because of some action you receive a reaction and so on. The species work together so they can all help each other and maintain the needed balance to succeed, that is called Biodiversity. 

Biodiversity is another important thing to evolve and so that we progress. Why biodiversity is so important? The most important reason is because it helps maintain balance of nature and preserved all living organisms from become extinct. When we see it from a socio-economical point of view it gives shelter, it gives clean drinking water, air, source of medicine and of food, which keeps us alive. 

Nitrogen Cycle can give es an example of what 

Biodiversity means. It shows how the product of 

A is needed to help B, and the product of B 

is needed for C and D, and so on.

As we can see Evolution and Biodiversity are connected and are proportional to each other. If something changes, if there is an alteration in something, all the things that evolve around it will alter and try to adapt to whatever the situation is needed to survive. That is why both of them become the bese of life, because without one of them a lot of species would be extinct today.